Columbian black-tailed deer, Odocoileus hemionus columbianus, are native to BC, ranging from the central coast of BC along the coastline into California. They are an important prey species, a key herbivore for maintaining ecosystem function, and a game species for many British Columbians.

Black-tailed deer thrive near forest edges, as they prefer the underbrush for foraging, yet still capitalize on the cover these areas provide. Because of this, wooded suburban environments like golf courses, parks, and roadside green belts are especially utilized by black-tailed deer. Their main food item is browse (the growing tips of trees and shrubs) but will also consume fruit, nuts, acorns, fungi, and lichens.

Mating occurs in November and December during a rutting season, where bucks compete for the right to breed with females through specific postures, movements, and sometimes intense combat. Pregnancy lasts 180 to 200 days, and while younger does give birth to one fawn, does 3-9 years of age that are in good condition often have twins.

Family groups can form, often one female with her yearlings, but can include her fawns from the previous year. Occasionally several does and their offspring will be seen together.